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91.
Makoto OTSUKA Tomoko MUTO Yu KATSUNUMA Yutaka NAKAMURA Ryozo TAKADA Hajime MINATO 《Animal Science Journal》2002,73(6):497-503
The effects of the administration of four Lactobacillus strains as probiotics on the constitution of microbial populations in the intestine of pigs were investigated by using a litter of pigs. The experimental group was fed a diet blended with the freeze‐dried powder containing lactobacilli at a concentration of 0.2% (W/W). After 4 weeks of probiotics administration, the total viable count of anaerobes in the feces was not significantly different between the pigs fed a diet supplemented with probiotics and the pigs given the non‐supplemented diet. However, viable counts of eubacteria were significantly higher (P < 0.01) in the feces of pigs fed a diet supplemented with probiotics than in the pigs given the non‐supplemented diet. Conversely, viable counts of clostridia were significantly lower (P < 0.01) in the feces of pigs fed a diet supplemented with probiotics than the pigs given the non‐supplemented diet. The total volatile fatty acid concentrations in the feces of pigs that were given a diet supplemented with probiotics were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those given the non‐supplemented diet. Further, the molar proportion of n‐butyric acids in the feces of pigs that were given a diet supplemented with probiotics, was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those given the non‐supplemented diet. 相似文献
92.
Akira Yamamoto Akira Iwata Toshiki Saitoh Kotaro Tuchiya Tomoko Kanai Hajime Tsujimoto Atsuhiko Hasegawa Akira Ishihama Susumu Ueda 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2002,90(3-4)
Feline granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) with an N-terminal histidine hexamer tag was expressed as inclusion bodies in E. coli. The G-CSF solubilized in 6 M guanidine solution was absorbed onto a Ni-NTA column and, after washing with decreasing concentrations of guanidine, eluted with imidazole in a soluble and apparently pure form. The activity of the recombinant feline G-CSF was 3×106 U/mg protein, as assayed by its stimulatory effect on NFS-60 cell proliferation. When a low level of purified feline G-CSF was administered once a day for two successive days to cats, the number of neutrophil increased 4-fold while the levels of other blood cell types remained virtually unchanged. Daily administration of G-CSF for a total of 11 days led to a more than 10-fold increase in neutrophils, an 8-fold increase in the number of monocytes and 2-fold increase in lymphocytes. No severe side effects or antibody production was observed in cats after administration of G-CSF. 相似文献
93.
Ookawa K Mochizuki K Shida E Suzuki T Suzuki T Ooba T Matumoto T Hokari Y Yokogoshi H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(6):593-598
In our previous experiments with rats, ovary lipid from Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) (OLS) was shown to have a mitigating effect on anxiety and/or fear in elevated T-maze tests. This suggests that OLS has some effect on the central nervous system (CNS) of rats. Thus, we performed experiments to examine the status of CNS in rats given OLS. The effect of OLS on chronic stress was also examined at the same time. The feed for control rats used oil and fat that have the same energy percentages for n-6 and n-3 fatty acids and the same n-6/n-3 ratio as OLS. As a result, rats given OLS for 28 days had lower serotonin levels in various brain areas regardless of stress application, showing that OLS affected the serotonin nervous system. From this, it was inferred that the ability of OLS to mitigate anxiety and/or fear resulted from its action on CNS, especially the serotonin nervous system. Substances other than the essential fatty acids may have been responsible for the action of OLS on monoamines and the metabolites. The effect of OLS on CNS, especially the serotonin nervous system, suggests that OLS may suppress anxiety. 相似文献
94.
Experimental approach to prezygotic chromosome screening using only a single pair of gametes in
mice
Hiroyuki WATANABE Atsushi KOHDA Hiroyuki TATENO 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2015,61(6):511-518
During in vitro embryo production, chromosome screening is essential to prevent pregnancy
losses caused by embryonic chromosome aberrations. When the chromosome screening is completed before
fertilization, gametes are effectively utilized as genetic resources. The aim of this study was to investigate
whether chromosome screening of gametes accompanied by fertilization would be feasible using a single mouse
spermatozoon and oocyte. Metaphase II oocytes were divided into a cytoplast and a karyoplast. For genome
cloning of the gametes, androgenic and gynogenic embryos were produced by microinjection of sperm into
cytoplasts and parthenogenetic activation of karyoplasts, respectively. Pairs of blastomeres from androgenic
and gynogenic embryos were fused electrically to produce diploid embryos, which were transferred into
pseudopregnant surrogate mothers to examine fetal development. Blastomeres from androgenic and gynogenic
embryos were individually treated with calyculin A—a specific inhibitor of type 1 and 2A protein
phosphatases—for 2 h to induce premature chromosome condensation. Thereafter, chromosome analysis of
blastomeres, reflecting the genetic constitution of individual spermatozoa and oocytes, was performed, and we
confirmed that most of the androgenic and gynogenic 2-cell embryos had a haploid set of chromosomes in their
sister blastomeres. The reconstructed embryos from blastomeres of androgenic and gynogenic 2-cell embryos
could be implanted and develop into live fetuses, albeit at low efficiency. This study indicates that
prezygotic chromosome screening and embryo production using a single pair of gametes may be practicable. 相似文献
95.
Microalgae tend to accumulate lipids as an energy storage material in the specific organelle, oleosomes. Current studies have demonstrated that lipids derived from microalgal oleosomes are a promising source of biofuels, while the oleosome formation mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Oleosome-associated proteins have been identified from several microalgae to elucidate the fundamental mechanisms of oleosome formation, although understanding their functions is still in infancy. Recently, we discovered a diatom-oleosome-associated-protein 1 (DOAP1) from the oleaginous diatom, Fistulifera solaris JPCC DA0580. The DOAP1 sequence implied that this protein might be transported into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) due to the signal sequence. To ensure this, we fused the signal sequence to green fluorescence protein. The fusion protein distributed around the chloroplast as like a meshwork membrane structure, indicating the ER localization. This result suggests that DOAP1 could firstly localize at the ER, then move to the oleosomes. This study also demonstrated that the DOAP1 signal sequence allowed recombinant proteins to be specifically expressed in the ER of the oleaginous diatom. It would be a useful technique for engineering the lipid synthesis pathways existing in the ER, and finally controlling the biofuel quality. 相似文献
96.
Kohji Hori Tomoko Ueno-Mohri Takuo Okita 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1992,42(1):31-36
The properties of ishikurage (Nostoc commune) and other algae were compared. Ishikurage and suizenji nori (Aphanothece sacrum) absorbed much more amaranth than others. They have a high settling volume (SV) in water. The high SV of ishikurage is attributable to its neutral detergent fiber (NDF). The acid detergent fiber (ADF) from the alga had a high amaranth absorption. However the absorption by the ADF did not explain the absorption by ishikurage.The results suggest that ishikurage may have a nutritional significance as a source of dietary fiber. 相似文献
97.
Ryuji Kondo Kotaro Shigematsu Naoki Kawahara Takahiko Okamura Yang Ho Yoon Tomoko Sakami Hisashi Yokoyama Yoshitsugu Koizumi 《Fisheries Science》2012,78(1):123-131
The abundance of sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) was investigated in the coastal marine sediments along the coast of Japan
and South Korea. Sediment samples were collected from fish and shellfish farms between 2006 and 2008. As non-fish farming
reference sites, sediments were also collected from highly eutrophic bays, a highly sulphidogenic saline lake, and the deep
sea. A quantitative real-time PCR analysis that targeted the gene coding for a portion of the α-subunit of dissimilatory sulphite
reductase (dsrA) was performed to assess the abundance of the SRB in the sediments. Between 2.8 × 107 and 2.5 × 109 copies of the dsrA gene per gram dry sediment were detected. There was no relationship between dsrA gene copy number and total bacterial count in the sediments, whereas organic matter contents (particulate organic carbon
and nitrogen, ignition loss and chemical oxygen demand) and acid-volatile sulphide contents were significantly correlated
with the dsrA copy number. The data presented demonstrate that organic enrichment of sediment may influence the abundance of SRB communities
in coastal marine sediments and that the cell density of SRB may be used as a biological indicator for assessing pollution
levels in sediments of marine fish farms. 相似文献
98.
99.
100.
Takahiro Tezuka Keisuke Waki Kazutoshi Yashiro Maki Kuzuya Tomoko Ishikawa Yasumasa Takatsu Makoto Miyagi 《Euphytica》2009,168(2):177-188
Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis race 2 is conferred by a single dominant gene, Fom-1 in melon. Here, we identified DNA markers tightly linked to Fom-1 that could be used for marker assisted selection in breeding programs. First, we developed 125 F2 plants derived from the cross between melon lines P11 (fom-1fom-1) and MR-1 (Fom-1Fom-1). Using the F2 population, we constructed a linkage map including 14 SSR markers which had not been mapped previously. Fom-1 was confirmed to be allocated to linkage group 7. Then, we identified four AFLP markers using bulked segregant analysis.
The AFLP marker TAG/GCC-470 was completely linked to Fom-1 and other three markers were mapped near Fom-1. TAG/GCC-470 and TCG/GGT-400 were respectively converted to STS and CAPS markers. Usefulness of DNA markers was confirmed
in the analysis with several melon cultivars and lines. 相似文献